Characters Appearances in The Scarlet Letter How They Change and Why - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1122 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/05/13 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: The Scarlet Letter Essay Did you like this example? The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne was written in the 1800s but takes place in the 1600s; it is a fictional story that exemplifies the power of sin and shame in Puritan society, where daily life revolved around work and religion. Hester Prynne, a woman who has committed adultery with a minister, has a child, Pearl, who is considered eccentric and witchlike. As punishment for the crime, the town officials decide to make her wear a scarlet letter A on her chest, instead of executing her. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Characters Appearances in The Scarlet Letter: How They Change and Why" essay for you Create order She endures all the shame by herself because she gave birth to Pearl and there is proof of her crime. In the meantime, Hesters husband, as well as Pearls father, choose not to reveal their connections with Hesters crime. The story contrasts Hesters emotional healing process with those of Arthur Dimmesdale, the minister who fathered Pearl, and Roger Chillingworth, Hesters husband who remains anonymous to everyone except Hester. Throughout the story, signs of Dimmesdales and Chillingworths mental and physical deterioration begin to show. Nathaniel Hawthorne uses descriptive imagery of characters appearances and physical conditions to express that exposing sin or wrongdoings, however difficult, puts us in a better state of mind because we have nothing to hide. Hester Prynne is the first person we meet in the story who has sinned badly. The town officials force her to stand on a platform for several hours in front of the townspeople. No one has any doubt that she has committed adultery because she is holding Pearl. As she walks forth from the prison door, she maintains perfect elegance on a large scale and her beauty makes a halo of the misfortune and ignominy in which she [is] enveloped (Hawthorne 55-6). Having already revealed her sin to the world, whether she wanted to or not, Hester is in a near-perfect state of mind even in the midst of her shame in the community. She feels no guilt for what she has done, and she even takes pride in the scarlet letter she has been forced to make and wear. While Hesters scarlet letter does take a toll on her emotions, her conscience is certainly cleaner than several other characters in the book who keep their sins secret. The fact that she has owned up to her sin and is not hiding it or letting it gnaw away at a guilty conscience has freed her emotionally, and this liberty from guilt manifests itself physically, in her elegance. Hawthorne uses imagery to describe her as free from the guilt she would have to endure if she had the choice not to reveal her sin and chose not to publicize it. On the other hand, Arthur Dimmesdale, Pearls father, who is a young, well-respected minister in the community, is in a position to keep his sin quiethe also has that option because he is male and is not the partner who has the child. Dimmesdales transformation throughout the story is remarkable. He remains stable at the beginning, but by the end of the book, he has been destroyed by his guilt. He does reveal his sin at last in front of the shocked townspeople, but he dies immediately afterward. He also maintains a relationship with Roger Chillingworth, who is Hesters husband, but he does not realize this for a long time. Chillingworth, who is a physician, gains Dimmesdales trust gradually and then uses it to his own advantage to emotionally torture him as revenge for committing adultery with Hester. Although Dimmesdale often refuses help and medicine from others in the community, every successive Sabbath, his cheek [becomes] paler and thinner, and his voice more tremulous than before (Hawthorne 125). When Hester meets with Dimmesdale, she notices his poor condition: [h]is nerve seemed absolutely destroyed (Hawthorne 165). Although he did commit adultery just as Hester did, and he also got away with it and left Hester to endure the shame alone, he cannot help but feel progressively guiltier. Some of his guilt is only natural, but most of it comes from Roger Chillingworth, who is set on destroying him emotionally. Just as with Hester, Hawthorne allows Dimmesdales state of mind to manifest itself physically and weaken the minister until he dies. Hesters relative wellness contrasted with Dimmesdales deteriorating health communicate that expressing and owning sin openly is important for maintaining a balanced state of mind. One other key character in the story shows a striking physical transformation: Roger Chillingworth. Chillingworth is perhaps the most evil character in the story because he manipulates Dimmesdales conscience to the point of emotional torture. Hester provides perspective for his transformation. She best remembers him as a studious man with a calm temperament, and he now shows mans ability of transforming into a devil (Hawthorne 176-177). His idea of fun has become torturing Dimmesdale, and evey day he falls deeper and deeper into a pit of sin that no one knows about except Dimmesdale and Hester, when they finally realize together what he has been doing. As with Hester and Dimmesdale, Chillingworths physical condition corresponds with his internal emotional state. However, Dimmesdale sins once, while Chillingworth sins continually and feels no remorse for it either. Chillingworths haggard appearance represents this additional level of sin well, as it eats away at him gradually. In conclusion, taking note of the physical transformations of the characters in The Scarlet Letter is key to understanding how relieving it is to disclose our sins. Hawthorne frequently uses descriptive imagery of Hester, Dimmesdale, and Chillingworth to convey this idea. It is important to note that Hester, unlike Dimmesdale and Chillingworth, had no choice but to reveal the fact that she committed adultery; she had Pearl, and she did not have any opportunity available to hide her sin. Nevertheless, enduring shame from others in her community benefited her in the long run, and it hurt the other two individuals in the situation who did not experience any public humiliation, but instead kept their sins private. Chillingworth remained quiet because he did not want anyone to find out he was Hesters husband. Dimmesdale, being the target of Dimmesdales sin, remained silent about his act of adultery because his reputation as a minister was at risk. Hawthornes use of imagery does not only e xpress the importance of revealing sin, but also raises questions about whether Hester would have been happier if the adultery had not resulted in Pearl, but she had chosen to reveal her sin anyway, as Dimmesdale does in some regard. The principles in this book do not just apply to sin; they can extend to dishonesty in general in todays less religion-centric life. Hawthorne encourages us to be forward about our dishonesty because it will enable us to live with more peace of mind.

Corporation and Company Law - 1165 Words

Books and materials Leading text †¢ Dignam Lowry, Company Law, 5th edition (2009)* ** †¢ Hicks Goo’s Cases and Materials on Company Law, 7th edition 2011** †¢ Mayson, French and Ryan on Company Law, 26th edition (2010) †¢ Bourne on Company Law, 5th edition * Dignam Lowry, Company Law, 6th edition (2012) may be published August 2012 ** These books will be used as the module readers Additional reading: The latest editions of: †¢ Gower and Davies’ Principles of Modern Company Law, Even if you do not purchase a copy of this book it is highly recommended that you read this comprehensive coverage of modern company law. †¢ Company Law by Hannigan. This is a substantive company law textbook but†¦show more content†¦et al The Anatomy of Corporate Law, OUP 2004 Fansworth, K. Corporate Power and Social Policy in a Global Economy: British Welfare under the Influence, Bristol, Policy Press 2004 Hopt, K.J. and Wymeersch, E. Capital Markets and Company Law, OUP, 2003 Dow, G.K. Governing the Firm: Workers’ Control in Theory and Practice, Cambridge University Press 2003 Macmillan, F., â€Å"International Corporate Law Annual† (2003) Vol 2 2002 Roe, Mark J., â€Å"Political determinants of corporate governance† (2003) HN 1500.R6 De Lacy, J., â€Å"The reform of United Kingdom company law† (2002) Keenan, Denis, â€Å"Business law† (2002) Sugarman, D and Andenas, M. Developments in European Company Law, 2000 Parkinson, J. et al (eds) The Political Economy of the Company 2000 Hart Publishing HV 1200 P6 R. Dore Stock Market Capitalism: Welfare Capitalism. Japan and Germany versus the Anglo-Saxons (2000) HN5208.4.D6 R. Grantham C. Rickett (eds.) Corporate Personality in the Twentieth Century (1998) KN261.C6 Gobert, J. and Punch, M. Rethinking Corporate Crime, Lexis Nexis 2003 D. Milman (ed.) Regulating Enterprise: Law and Business Organisation in the UK (1999) KN250.R3 – 2 copies in library, including one in SRC BAK Rider (ed.) The Corporate Dimension (1998) KN261.C6 (SRC) BAK Rider (ed.) The Realm of Company Law (1998) KN250.R3 SRC Macmillan (ed) Perspectives on Company Law:2 Kluwer 1997 KN 261.P3 Rider, The Corporate Dimension 1998 Berns, S., andShow MoreRelatedA Company or a Corporation Is an ‘Artificial Person’ Created by Law1739 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"A company or a corporation is an ‘artificial person’ created by law.† Discuss. Introduction A company or a corporation is an artificial person not natural person. Artificial person are such as are created and devised by human laws for the purpose of society and government which are called corporation. Such artificial persons, known as corporation, possess similar rights and owe similar obligation as natural person, but have no physical or natural existence. The law in creating legal persons alwaysRead MoreAustralia Corporation Law : Who Are Directors Of Company? 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Questions and Answers on Copenhagen Climate Free Essays

In order to talk about the problems which have been discussed and the solutions which have been found during the 2009 Copenhagen climate change summit, first we have to present a few aspects regarding the Kyoto protocol. The Kyoto protocol is a protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC or FCCC), aimed at fighting global warming. The FCCC is an international environmental treaty with the goal of achieving â€Å"stabilization of greenhouse gas concentration in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. We will write a custom essay sample on Questions and Answers on Copenhagen Climate or any similar topic only for you Order Now † The protocol was initially adopted on 11 December 1997 in Kyoto, Japan and entered into force on 16 February 2005. As of July 2010, 191 states have signed and ratified the protocol. Under the protocol, 37 countries commit themselves to a reduction of four greenhouse gases and two groups of gases produced by them, and all member countries give general commitments. It is also important to mention the fact that the protocol allows several â€Å"flexible mechanisms†, such as emissions trading, the clean development mechanism and joint implementation to allow countries to meet their gas emissions limitations. Therefore, what is the Copenhagen climate change summit and what is its connection to the Kyoto protocol? This is a United Nations climate change conference which took place between 7 and 18 December 2009 in order for the environment ministers and officials to draft a successor to the Kyoto protocol. The meeting, also known as COP15, was the 15th Conference of the Parties (COP) in a long series of meetings that trace their origins to the 1992 Earth Summit in Rio, which aimed at coordinating international action against climate change. Who participated at the summit and who were the main players? At the summit participated officials, heads of state and governments, advisers, diplomats, campaigners and journalists from the 192 countries that have signed the climate change convention. In what concerns the main players, the developing countries such as India and China, emphasized the fact that it should be the responsibility of wealthy industrialized nations such as UK and US to give a clear example of cutting the greenhouse gases emissions. Which were the main points? The main issue was that of â€Å"burden-sharing†. More precisely, the scientists stated that, by 2050, the world must cut its emissions by 80% compared with 1990 levels to limit global warming to a 2 degrees C average rise. More than that, the world must stop the growth of greenhouse gas emissions and start making them fall around the year 2015 to 2020. Another important issue was money. The developed countries must be aware of the fact that they have to give hundreds of billions of dollars to poorer nations, in order to help them achieve these standards. But the issue gains in gravity if we take into consideration the recent economic crisis. Which were the results of this meeting? 1. The participants recognized the great challenge of climate change, the need for an urgent programme to fight this problem and the need to establish a comprehensive adaptation programme including international support for the developing countries. They also recognized officially the scientific view that the increase in global temperature should be below 2 degrees C in order to prevent a natural disaster worldwide. 2. They agree to the fact that deep cuts in global emissions are absolutely necessarily. However, these cuts should be made taken taking into consideration the possibilities of each and every country. We have to understand the fact that, for poorer countries, problems such as poverty eradication and economic development are far more important. 3. They recognize the fact that the developed countries shall provide adequate, predictable and sustainable financial resources, technology and capacity building to the less developed countries. 4. They acknowledge the crucial role of reducing emission from deforestation and forest degradation. 5. They decided to create a fund, called the Copenhagen Green Climate Fund, in order to finance all the initiatives mentioned above and a Technology Mechanism to accelerate the technology development, as well as its transfer to the poorer countries. 6. They decided that the implementation of the Accord shall be completed by the end of 2015. In my opinion, this meeting was a success, especially because those who were present, the people who can actually make a change, finally understand the gravity of the problem the humankind is facing. The problem remains: how are they going to implement these measures, when most of them are afraid of their impact on the economic development of the country? As Upton Sinclair once said: â€Å"It is difficult to get a man to understand something when his salary depends upon his not understanding it.† How to cite Questions and Answers on Copenhagen Climate, Essay examples

Learning Analytics Educational Data Mining â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Learning Analytics Educational Data Mining? Answer: Introducation Data mining is the procedure of finding the valuable and important knowledge by the analysis of bulk amount of data, recorded and kept in data warehouses or databases (Grossman et al. 2013). This process is done by several techniques of data mining like artificial intelligence, statistics and machine learning. A person who does data mining is known as a data miner. AIH offers financial help for the students. The business analyst or data miner has several business objectives for this particular case study (Witten et al. 2016). They are as follows: i) The first and the foremost objective of the data miner is to understand the objectives of the client from the perspective of business. ii) The second objective of a data miner is to help the client in balancing all the competing constraints and objectives. iii) The third objective of data miner is to understand and discover the main factors that will influence the output. Activities: Problem Area The students of AIH will be getting financial help from the institution. AIH will develop their own programs of finance with all the existing institutions of finance (Larose 2014). However, there are various risks and threats. There is a high chance of risk of collecting all types of bad debts from this scheme of financially helping the students. This risk can create major difficulties in finance for both the university and the students (Liu and Motoda 2012). The initiative of the organization is that they will pay the money and the students can study without worrying. The organization has hired a data miner, who is performing a data mining project in the organization (Siemens and d Baker 2012). This data mining process would be helpful for the organization as it will help to obtain the organizational goals and objectives easily. The motivation of the project is those students and individuals, who are not able to complete their education because of expenses. The business is not utili zing the data mining yet but is planning to use it. A written report is expected from the top management level as they will provide the permission for any type of activity in the organization. This data mining would be the key technology in the business (Freitas 2013). The users of this project are the members of the organization. The main need and the expectation of the users of this project are to reduce or mitigate the financial risk of the project by means of data mining and also to obtain the organizational goals. Output: Business Objectives The students of AIH will be getting financial help from the institution. AIH will develop their own programs of finance with all the existing institutions of finance. They will not be utilizing any program that is sponsored by government (Braha 2013). AIH will become the guarantor for the funds and will be sourcing the funds from its existing institutions. They have several goals and objectives for their business. They are as follows: i) Increment in the enrolment of students ii) Providing assistance for the fees of students iii) Providing assistance for the expenses of the regular needs of the student iv) Offering help to the students to work less and study more during their academic semesters. v) Encouraging all the professionals, international students, potential groups, low income earners, senior citizens, holidaymakers and rural residents to continue their education without any type of tension of expenses (Shmueli and Lichtendahl Jr 2017). vi) Performing financial management in the business. Output: Business Success Criteria The business success criteria of this organization are as follows: i) Financial Management: The management for the finance is the major criteria for this project as it not is sponsored by government (Liao, Chu and Hsiao 2012). They have to sponsor their own project with own funds. This is again one of the objectives of the business. ii) Product Management: This is another important factor for success in any business. The product in this factor means both the product and service of any project. The service of this project will be for the students (Bhardwaj and Pal 2012). They should manage the service in such a way that the students and the individuals will be able to get the benefit easily. The success criteria of any business are assessed by the management level of that organization. Assess Situation Activities: Inventory of Resources The resources of any project are the amalgamation of the personnel, data, computing resources and software. The details of the resources are given in the following table: Personnel Data Computing Resources Software 1. Management bodies 1. Operational Data 1. Monitor 1. Data Mining tools like MATLAB, StatSoft Statistica, Rattle 2. Data Miner 2. Fixed Extracts 2. Processor 2. Operating system 3. Employees 3. Access to Live Warehoused 3. Mouse 3. MS SQL Server 4. Technical Team 4. Keyboard 4. Antivirus Activities: Sources of Data and Knowledge The data mining is done by analyzing various data. These data is collected from various sources. For this particular project, all the data related to the project should be collected from the several written documentation (Bhardwaj and Pal 2012). However, this project has risks related to finance. The sources of knowledge of this project should be the financial experts as they can guide for any type of risk related to finance. Certain tools and techniques do the data mining process. Several tools are available in the market. The data miner can for various tools like MATLAB, StatSoft Statistica, Rattle. The MATLAB is the best tool for data mining (Liao, Chu and Hsiao 2012). A proprietary programming language enables all functions like algorithm implementation, manipulations of matrix and data plotting. Activities: Requirements, Assumptions and Constraints The basic requirements of this project regarding the schedule of completion are as follows: i) Project should be completed within 6 months of time. ii) There should not be any type of delay in the project. The requirements of the project regarding quality of results are as follows: i) The project should not lose the quality and produce the best quality possible (Liao, Chu and Hsiao 2012).. ii) This project will be dealing with students and their career will be at stake. Therefore, there should not be any degradation in the quality of the project. The requirements of security are as follows: i) Security is the first and foremost requirement for any project. The project should be secured enough for the students. ii) Security of the employees is also needed in any project. Therefore, this should also be noticed. The requirements of legal issues are as follows: i) There should be strict laws and policies for the project. ii) Any type of violation of laws can lead the individual to prison. All the members of the organization should follow the above-mentioned requirements. The assumptions of a project define the expectations or the probable outcomes of the project (Liao, Chu and Hsiao 2012). These assumptions provide the guidelines of the outcome for any project. The overall assumptions of this particular project are as follows: a) The Well Representation of the Data: To obtain the perfect results of the project, the data should be represented perfectly. These representations capture the important qualities of the data. b) The Perfection Utilization of the Data: The collected data should be utilized perfectly so that there exists no loophole in the outcome of the project. c) Outcome as per Planned: The project outcome should come as per the plan made in the beginning. The project is assumed to be one of the best projects in data mining. However, there are few constraints or limitations in the project. They are as follows: i) Lack of Resources: There is a high chance of lack of resources in this particular project of AIH (Baker and Inventado 2014). This project will be dealing with bulk amount of data and resources. The lack of resources is one of the major drawbacks for any project. b) Ethical Issues: This is another important constraint in this project. As it is dealing with the career of the students, they should remain ethical at any cost. c) Legal Issues: The third constraint of this project is the legal issue (Romero and Ventura 2013). As the project is dealing with bulk amount of resources, there is a high chance that the project members can perform illegal acts. The project should be legal and type of illegal act can lead the person to prison. There are several types of risks present in any business. The main types of risks are the business, organizational, financial, and technical and data risks. Business Risk: This type of risk includes the competition between two organizations, and the better result is considered. This type of risk occurs when two organizations are providing same goods or services (Baker and Inventado 2014). The business risk can be mitigated by following perfect business strategies for the organization. Organizational Risks: This type of risk includes the lack of skilled employees, department requesting project not having funding for the project. This type of risk occurs when the organization is lacking skilled employees and the management is not providing enough funds (Romero and Ventura 2013). This type of can be mitigated by recruiting experienced employees for the organization. Financial Risks: This type of risk includes lack of funds for the project and further funding depends on the initial results of data mining. This type of risk occurs when funds provided for a project is not enough and the management will sanction more funds only if the initial results are good (Shmueli and Lichtendahl Jr 2017). This type of risk can be mitigated by taking help from financial experts. Technical Risks: This type of risk includes all the technological risks involved in the project. Technical risk occurs when there is any problem in the system of the organization. this type of risks can be mitigated by keeping a technical team in the organization. Data Risks: This is the most dangerous type of risk that include all the data and the sources of data. Data risks occur when data is retrieved from a database (Romero and Ventura 2013). This can be mitigated by implementing perfect security measures for the data. Task: Determination of Data Mining Goals A data mining goal of a project states the objectives of the project in technical terms. The data mining goal of this project deals with the business objectives with respect to technical terms (Freitas 2013). The probable outcome of the project enables the objectives to be achieved easily. The data mining goals enable the technical outputs of the project. Activities: Translation of Business Questions to Data Mining Goals The financial department of the organization can be segmented into the guidelines taken from the financial experts and the actual data collected from the sources. There can be several problems in data mining. The problems can be divided into three parts. They are the mining methodology and user interaction, performance issues and diverse data type issues (Baker and Inventado 2014). The mining methodology is the mining various types of knowledge in databases and interactive mining of knowledge at several levels of abstraction. The diverse data types issues include handling complex data types. References Baker, R.S. and Inventado, P.S., 2014. Educational data mining and learning analytics. InLearning analytics(pp. 61-75). Springer New York. Bhardwaj, B.K. and Pal, S., 2012. Data Mining: A prediction for performance improvement using classification.arXiv preprint arXiv:1201.3418. Braha, D. ed., 2013.Data mining for design and manufacturing: methods and applications(Vol. 3). Springer Science Business Media. Freitas, A.A., 2013.Data mining and knowledge discovery with evolutionary algorithms. Springer Science Business Media. Grossman, R.L., Kamath, C., Kegelmeyer, P., Kumar, V. and Namburu, R. eds., 2013.Data mining for scientific and engineering applications(Vol. 2). Springer Science Business Media. Larose, D.T., 2014.Discovering knowledge in data: an introduction to data mining. John Wiley Sons. Liao, S.H., Chu, P.H. and Hsiao, P.Y., 2012. Data mining techniques and applicationsA decade review from 2000 to 2011.Expert systems with applications,39(12), pp.11303-11311. Liu, H. and Motoda, H., 2012.Feature selection for knowledge discovery and data mining(Vol. 454). Springer Science Business Media. Romero, C. and Ventura, S., 2013. Data mining in education.Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery,3(1), pp.12-27. Shmueli, G. and Lichtendahl Jr, K.C., 2017.Data Mining for Business Analytics: Concepts, Techniques, and Applications in R. John Wiley Sons. Siemens, G. and d Baker, R.S., 2012, April. Learning analytics and educational data mining: towards communication and collaboration. InProceedings of the 2nd international conference on learning analytics and knowledge(pp. 252-254). ACM. Witten, I.H., Frank, E., Hall, M.A. and Pal, C.J., 2016.Data Mining: Practical machine learning tools and techniques. Morgan Kaufmann.